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Ten Years of C5+1: U.S.–Central Asia Minerals Cooperation

Amid a changing donor landscape, the United States has an opportunity to realign and leverage its full range of financing tools to promote economic growth abroad while safeguarding its national security interests.

Commentary by Gracelin Baskaran and Kamal Aubakirov — November 4, 2025

Fueling the Future: Recommendations for Strengthening U.S. Uranium Security

While the United States led global uranium production from 1953 to the 1980s, this dominance has declined over time. Currently, dependence on foreign adversaries for uranium poses a significant risk to U.S. nuclear supply chains, impacting both energy and defense.

Brief by Gracelin Baskaran and Meredith Schwartz — February 5, 2025

The Future of Assistance for Afghanistan: A Dilemma

Three years after the fall of Kabul, international assistance for Afghanistan is at a crossroads. As donor fatigue sets in and aid dwindles, stakeholders must grapple with how to address the country’s critical humanitarian needs without legitimizing the Taliban’s rule.

Report by Daniel F. Runde, Annie Pforzheimer, Thomas Bryja, and Caroline Smutny — June 13, 2024

Future NATO Enlargement: Force Requirements and Budget Costs

Past NATO enlargement helped produce a Europe whole, free, and at peace, but future enlargement, facing a hostile Russia, could require billions of dollars in additional defense spending. NATO and the United States should weigh these costs in future enlargement decisions.

Report by Mark F. Cancian — September 8, 2021