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Strategic Trends 2025

In a world where old nuclear guardrails are eroding and new rivalries are converging, Strategic Trends 2025 charts how the United States and its allies must navigate a disorderly, multi-adversary nuclear landscape and rethink deterrence for an unpredictable era.

Report by Nicholas Adamopoulos, Diya Ashtakala, Doreen Horschig, Lachlan MacKenzie, Catherine Murphy, Joseph Rodgers, Bailey Schiff, Pranay Vaddi, Heather Williams, and Reja Younis — November 18, 2025

Could the Pakistani-Saudi Defense Pact Be the First Step Toward a NATO-Style Alliance?

The pact reshaped regional dynamics by deepening Pakistani-Saudi ties, straining India’s balancing act, and raising questions about Israel’s air access. Despite its NATO-style language, it lacks the nuclear and political basis for true collective defense.

Critical Questions by Diya Ashtakala, Doreen Horschig, and Bailey Schiff — October 6, 2025

What Led to the Recent Crisis Between India and Pakistan?

India and Pakistan’s recent crisis highlights how rapidly tensions can escalate to a dangerous level, marking a new era of conflict between the two nuclear-armed neighbors. The region should develop off-ramps and strengthen confidence-building measures.

Critical Questions by Diya Ashtakala — May 20, 2025

What Does India’s Hypersonic Missile Test Mean?

On November 16, India announced the test launch of its first long-range hypersonic missile. This missile makes India one of the few nuclear-armed countries to possess this technology, highlighting the intensifying global race for hypersonic technology.

Critical Questions by Diya Ashtakala — December 2, 2024