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What the New National Security Strategy Means for Naval Forces

The 2025 National Security Strategy recasts naval power as an economic and industrial instrument, pushing the Navy toward unmanned systems, hemispheric missions, and more cost-effective approaches to deterring China.

Commentary by Benjamin Jensen, Mackenzie Eaglen, and Henry H. Carroll — December 18, 2025

Outlining the Challenges to U.S. Naval Shipbuilding

The U.S. naval shipbuilding enterprise struggles to produce ships at the scale and speed demanded despite being a bipartisan priority for successive administrations and Congress. The White House must tackle complex, longstanding challenges to improve shipbuilding capacity.

Report by Seamus P. Daniels, Henry H. Carroll, Cynthia R. Cook, Oliver Buntin, and Sarah O’Rourke — December 16, 2025

Improving U.S. Cooperation with Allies and Partners

To make the most of its vast network of allies and partners, the United States must understand the barriers inhibiting U.S.-allied cooperation and devise ways to overcome them.

Report by Daniel Byman, Alexander Palmer, Audrey Aldisert, Henry H. Carroll, Cynthia R. Cook, Chris H. Park, and Seth G. Jones — October 14, 2025

Enabling Forward Sustainment

To reduce the risks relating to contested logistics in the Indo-Pacific, the U.S. Air Force should consider deepening maintenance and repair cooperation with Japan—leveraging its industrial strength to build a more resilient, forward-positioned sustainment capability.

Report by Cynthia R. Cook, Nicholas Szechenyi, Henry H. Carroll, Audrey Aldisert, Sarah Hendrick, and Javier Nater — June 26, 2025

Identifying Pathways for U.S. Shipbuilding Cooperation with Northeast Asian Allies

U.S. naval shipbuilding faces production and capacity constraints that undermine fleet readiness. Closer cooperation with allies like Japan and South Korea on ship construction and repair could help counter China’s maritime threat and bolster U.S. industrial resilience.

Brief by Henry H. Carroll and Cynthia R. Cook — May 15, 2025

Enhancing Defense Industrial Cooperation Between Australia and the United States

In a time of deepening geopolitical tensions in the Indo-Pacific, the United States and Australia should strengthen their defense industrial cooperation to deter potential adversaries while integrating and expanding both nations’ defense industrial bases.

Report by Cynthia R. Cook, Charles Edel, Kathryn Paik, Gregory Sanders, Henry H. Carroll, Katy Buda, and John Augé — March 3, 2025

The Regulatory Linchpin of AUKUS

Recent changes to the United States' export control regime by the U.S. State Department and Commerce Department are a first step toward closer AUKUS integration, but more work is needed to support their successful implementation.

Commentary by Gregory Sanders and Henry H. Carroll — July 29, 2024

Unpacking China’s Naval Buildup

Already the world's largest navy, the People's Liberation Army Navy is positioned to overtake the U.S. Navy in several indicators of naval power within ten years.

Commentary by Alexander Palmer, Henry H. Carroll, and Nicholas Velazquez — June 5, 2024

Expanding the Tool Kit to Counter China's Economic Coercion

The United States can combat China’s coercive behaviors by employing a new approach to economic statecraft and competition. This strategy involves sanctioning goods where the United States and its allies have market dominance and where China cannot substitute its imports.

Report by Cynthia R. Cook, Gregory Sanders, Alexander Holderness, John Schaus, Nicholas Velazquez, Audrey Aldisert, Henry H. Carroll, and Emily Hardesty — May 6, 2024