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How Europe Can Defend Itself with Less America

A potential U.S. force posture reduction in Europe will leave the continent vulnerable to further Russian aggression. Europe needs a bold action plan to mitigate capability gaps and ensure deterrence of Russia with limited U.S. involvement.

Report by Max Bergmann and Otto Svendsen — October 8, 2025

Seizing Greenland Is Worse Than a Bad Deal

Taking Greenland through force or coercion would not just be a bad deal for the United States—it could become a legacy-defining unforced error for the Trump administration.

Commentary by Otto Svendsen — January 21, 2025

Defending the North Amid Rising Geopolitical Tensions

The Arctic is increasingly characterized by geopolitical and military tensions. President Trump's aggressive engagement strategy, greater Sino-Russian cooperation, and NATO’s Scandinavian enlargement will likely shape the region’s security landscape for the coming years.

Report by Max Bergmann, Otto Svendsen, Marc Jacobsen, Rebekka Åsnes Sagild, Eskil Jakobsen, and Øystein Solvang — January 14, 2025

Power Plays: Europe’s Response to the Energy Crisis

Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine triggered an unprecedented energy crisis in Europe. While Europe emerged as a stronger energy actor and its response yielded remarkable results, challenges remain that will impact the continent’s politics and economic competitiveness for years to come.

Report by Max Bergmann, Cy McGeady, Otto Svendsen, Mathias Zacarias, and Ignacio Urbasos — September 3, 2024

What Will Happen at NATO’s Washington Summit?

From July 9–11, all 32 NATO allies and several global partners will gather in Washington, D.C., for a historic summit, 75 years since the alliance’s founding. This meeting comes at a perilous time, with NATO facing a war in Europe amid several global crises.

Critical Questions by Sean Monaghan, Sissy Martinez, Andrea Leonard Palazzi, and Otto Svendsen — July 2, 2024

Charting 2024 through Data

CSIS experts offer insights on some of the most important issue areas shaping the world in 2024.

Digital Report by Jaehyun Han, Brian Hart, Heather Williams, Kelsey Hartigan, Lachlan MacKenzie, Reja Younis, Otto Svendsen, Sissy Martinez, Zane Swanson, Anita Kirschenbaum, David Michel, Henry Ziemer, and Michaela Simoneau — March 19, 2024

The European Union Charts Its Own Path for European Rearmament

The European Union has rolled out its first-ever defense industrial strategy, signaling a leap forward in the bloc's ambition to become a more credible security and defense player. However, doubts remain that the strategy is another false dawn with little funding attached.

Critical Questions by Max Bergmann, Mathieu Droin, Sissy Martinez, and Otto Svendsen — March 8, 2024

Red Sea Cable Damage Reveals Soft Underbelly of Global Economy

Recent damage to three undersea cables in the Red Sea highlights that there are no easy solutions for protecting critical undersea infrastructure. Governments and companies can take steps to improve resilience and enhance maritime awareness.

Commentary by Sean Monaghan, Michael Darrah, Eskil Jakobsen, and Otto Svendsen — March 7, 2024

Arctic Energy Security

Interest in Arctic energy resources has grown in tandem with geopolitical tensions in the region. Two topics in particular may reshape energy security in the European Arctic: climate change and Russia's ongoing invasion of Ukraine.

Report by Max Bergmann, Otto Svendsen, Arild Moe, Anne Husebekk, Silje Elde, and Else Kristine Welde — January 31, 2024